Swedish grammar basics

Swedish Pronouns

The 18 personal pronoun forms you need first, with English.

Pronouns are among the most frequent words in any Swedish sentence. Like English I and me, most Swedish personal pronouns have one form for the subject and another for the object, so learn them in pairs.

Subject and object forms

Swedish personal pronouns, subject and object forms, with English
PersonSubjectObjectEnglish
1st singularjagmigI / me
2nd singulardudigyou / you
3rd singular (he)hanhonomhe / him
3rd singular (she)honhenneshe / her
1st pluralviosswe / us
2nd pluralnieryou / you
3rd pluraldedemthey / them

Also essential

  • den – it (for en-words); that
  • det – it; that
  • man – one, you (generic)
  • sig – himself, herself, itself, themselves (reflexive)

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Questions about Swedish pronouns

What are the Swedish personal pronouns?
Subject forms: jag, du, han, hon, vi, ni, de. Object forms: mig, dig, honom, henne, oss, er, dem.
What is the difference between jag and mig?
Jag is the subject (Jag ser dig, I see you) and mig is the object (Du ser mig, you see me). The same split applies to du/dig, han/honom, hon/henne, vi/oss, ni/er and de/dem.
When do you use den and det?
Both mean it. Den refers to an en-word (en bok, den) and det to an ett-word (ett hus, det). Det is also used as a dummy subject, as in Det regnar (it is raining).
What does man mean in Swedish?
As a pronoun, man means one or you in a general sense, like Man kan inte veta (you cannot know). As a noun, en man means a man.